Following Roop Singh Negi v. Punjab National Bank & Ors. (Civil Appeal No. 7431/2008), the Supreme Court has reiterated that recording evidence in disciplinary proceedings involving a major penalty is mandatory, and that mere production of documents is not enough — the contents of documentary evidence must be proved by examining witnesses. (SLP (Civil) No. 29758 of 2018, decided on 18.11.2024)
The Central Administrative Tribunal: What Government Employees Need to Know Before Filing
The CAT was set up to give government servants a faster, specialised forum for service disputes. Here's how its jurisdiction actually works, and where its limits are.
Read article Constitutional & Administrative LawArticle 226 vs Article 32: Choosing the Right Constitutional Remedy
Both articles let a citizen approach a constitutional court directly. They are not interchangeable — the choice between them shapes what relief is available and where the case is heard.
Read article Criminal LawFrom IPC to BNS: What the New Criminal Codes Change for Litigants
India's three colonial-era criminal statutes have been replaced. Here's what actually changes for someone facing, or bringing, a criminal case today.
Read article